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eNews from Northwest Radiology Associates

Vol. 1, No. 2

August 2004

 

Dual Energy Chest Radiography Comes To Northwest Community

What Is Dual Energy Chest Radiography?

A new digital technique for obtaining chest radiographs (xrays) that better visualize both soft tissue and bone pathology.

How Does Dual Energy Chest Radiography Work?

When a chest radiograph is obtained with this technique, two frontal exposures are taken milliseconds apart, each utilizing different xray energies. These images can be manipulated and subtracted to highlight either bony or soft tissue structures.

What Advantages Can Dual Energy Chest Radiography Provide?

It is most helpful for detecting subtle parenchymal lung abnormalities, such as small nodules and ill-defined areas of consolidation. It can also be useful for determining if a nodule is calcified, which proves a benign etiology.

What Does Dual Energy Chest Radiography Mean To The Patient?

The patient receives a nominal increase in radiation exposure but will notice no difference between this technique and that of a conventional chest radiograph. The patient may benefit from the earlier detection of a subtle lesion, and there is no additional charge for this examination.

What Does Dual Energy Chest Radiography Mean To The Clinician?

The process will be essentially transparent to you. If you would specifically like your patient to receive a dual energy chest examination, request it on the order and we will triage appropriately.

What Does Dual Energy Mean To The Radiologist?

The radiologist will now interpret four images instead of two for a PA and lateral chest radiograph; the conventional PA and lateral views, as well as additional "soft tissue" and "bone" subtracted frontal views.

Who Should Get Dual Energy Chest Radiographs?

As this time, all outpatients over age 40 with an order for a chest xray will receive a dual energy chest radiograph where available. The necessary equipment is currently present within the Busse Center for Specialty Medicine at the main hospital campus and also within the Schaumburg Imaging Center at the Schaumburg Treatment Center. It is not yet available at the Lake Zurich or Buffalo Grove Treatment Centers.

Are There Any "Real Life" Examples At Northwest Community Where This Technique Has Been Helpful?

Yes. The following images are from one of our initial patients who had a routine chest radiograph at the Busse Center performed with the dual energy technique.

Right upper lobe as seen on the standard frontal chest radiograph. Note the subtle nodule which could easily have escaped detection.

Right upper lobe as seen on the subtracted "soft tissue" image. The overlying bony structures have been digitally removed. The nodule is no longer as subtle and was prospectively identified.

 

     

Subsequently obtained CT image showing the nodule to represent a 1 cm spiculated mass compatible with a resectable bronchogenic carcinoma.


Screening For Breast Cancer With MRI In High Risk Women: Availability And Experience At Northwest Community

A recent article in the New England Journal of Medicine (Kriege M, et al. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 427-437) reports that women at high risk for breast cancer (cumulative lifetime risk > 15% because of family history and/or genetic mutations of BRCA1 or BRCA2) may benefit more by screening with MRI than with mammography. The study found MRI to be more than twice as sensitive as mammography (79.5% vs. 33.3%) and only slightly less specific (89.8% vs. 95.0%) in these high-risk women.

We have been performing state-of-the-art contrast-infused breast MRI at Northwest Community for more than five years. We are also one of the few centers in the Chicago area with the equipment and expertise to perform MRI-guided biopsies of lesions detected only by MRI (those not palpable or visible by mammography or ultrasound). The majority of our breast MRI examinations to date have been performed to further evaluate subtle mammographic abnormalities, but we currently are performing more and more examinations for screening purposes and also to evaluate for extent of disease and surgical planning in patients already diagnosed with cancer. While most breast cancer experts believe that mammography is still the best screening modality for average-risk women, MRI is likely to have an increasingly important role in the screening of high-risk patients. Unfortunately, the guidelines for breast MRI utilization vary with each insurance provider, with certification and authorization necessary whenever this examination is requested.

The following images are from a recent Northwest Community patient whose mammogram was normal but had a palpable abnormality which was biopsied and shown to represent ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the comedo type. MRI was subsequently performed to evaluate for extent of disease.

Screening mammogram of the right breast in the craniocaudal (CC) position, oriented similar to the subsequent MR image. The mammogram is normal, with only heterogeneously dense tissue apparent. Note in particular the absence of the calcifications typically associated with comedo DCIS.

Subsequent MRI shows intense, irregular enhancement involving the majority of the lateral right breast. Mastectomy was required, with histologic evaluation identifying mostly comedo DCIS but with a small invasive component present as well..


Thanks to Dr. Peter Cormier for the information on dual energy chest radiography.

For more information about Northwest Radiology Associates, the services we provide and how to contact individual radiologists, please visit our web site: northwestradiologyassociates.com

If you are reading a printed version of this newsletter and would like to receive future editions electronically, please contact: ckalbhen@northwestradiologyassociates.com

We also welcome your questions and comments.